Kiln or furnace for burning garbage



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. HOSKIN. J. K. CALDWELL & H. 1). HUGHES.

KILN OR FURNACE FOR BURNING GARBAGE.

No. 391,614. Patented Oct. 23, 1 888.

WITNESSES:

, INVENTORJ,

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. HOSKIN, J. K. CALDWELL & H. D. HUGHES. KILN 0R FURNACE FOR BURNING GARBAGE.

No. 391,614. Patented Oct. 23, 1888.

WIT E VE T (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. HOSKIN, J. K. CALDWELL & H. D. HUGHES. KILN OR FURNACE FOR BURNING GARBAGE.

No. 391,614. Patented Oct. 28, 1888.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

J. HOSKIN. J. K. CALDWELL G E. D. HUGHES.

KILN 0R EUENAGE EOE BURNING GARBAGE.

Patented 001:. 23, 1888.

WITNESSES: F .INVENTOR A, 7 84M fi wz jg A I (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

J. HOSKIN. J. K. CALDWELL 8: H. D. HUGHES. KILN 0R FURNACE FOR BURNING GARBAGE.

No. 391,614. Patented Oct. 23, 1888.

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JOHN HOSKIN AND JOSEPH K. OALDWVELL, OF PHILADELPHIA, AND HENRY D. HUGHES, F RADNOR, PENNSYLVANIA.

KELN OR FURNACE FOR BURNENG GARBAGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 391,614, dated October 23 1888.

Application filed July 16, 1885.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Beitknown that we, JOHN HosKIN and J osnrn K. CALDWELL, residing in the city of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, and HENRY D. HUGHES, residing at ltadnor, Delaware county, Pennsylvania, all being citizens of the United States, residing as aforesaid, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kilns or Furnaces for Burning Garbage; and

[O we do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Our invention relates to kilns or furnaces for burning garbage, offal, and similar refuse matter.

The improvement consists in the construe tion and arrangement of the several parts, as will be hereinafter described,and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a view in perspective of our improved kiln or furnace. Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the main shaft of the kiln. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section through the furnace. Fig. at is a horizontal section on line W X. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on line Y Z, omitting the boiler. Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively a 0 longitudinal and a cross-section of the main shaft of the kiln,showing a modified arrangement of the dumping-shelves.

A is a vertical shaft built of fire-brick or any other refractory material,and forming the main body of the kiln or-furnace; a a, the point where two hydrocarbon-burners are placed at the base of the kiln.

a a are respectively upper and lower sets of baffles or side wings on the shaft A.

a a are the upper and lower triangular fines extending across the middle of the shaft A.

0 c are wall passages or fines forming the connection between the baffies a a and the 5 fines a and a.

a is a base or shelf placed underneath the triangular flue ta for the purpose of forming a retort in which air may mixed with the flame from the burners a a.

b b are two iron drop-shelves, preferably Serial No. 171,750. (No model.)

formed of grating pivoted to the side of the shaft A.

b b are levers for dropping and raising the shelves I) I). These levers may be secured to the outside walls in anyway that willsecurely 5 hold the shelves in the required positlon.

B is a return-flue down which the gases, &(5., arising from the burning material are conveyed to the chamber 0, from whence they pass or are carried to the fine D and into the chimney or stack G.

F is a vertical tubular boiler placed between the ehamber G and the stack G, so that by using the damper g the escaping heat from the furnace may be forced to pass wholly or 6 partially under and through the boiler, and thus utilized for the production of steam for use in the hydrocarbon-burners or for any other purpose.

0 is an ordinary coal-grate under the boiler F. 7

c is the ash-pit.

f is a hydrocarbonburner at the bottom of the shaft B for the purpose of quickening the up-draft of the chimney and burning, decomposing, or dcodorizing any offensive gases that 7 may pass over from the shaft A. This burner also furnishes any additional heat that may be required under the boiler.

d represents arow of perforated steam-pipes located directly over the top drop-shelf and connected with the boilerF by means of the pipe d. d is a steam-pipe connecting the burner f with the boiler F. The burners to be placed at a a are also connected with the boiler by a suitable pipe.

D is a trouglrshaped drip shelf or platform, having openings or perforations on the outer side thereof and pivoted at the top of the kiln near the trap or hopper a. (See Fig. 3.)

d is a drip-pipe for carrying off the water 0 that may flow into it from the material in the dripping-trough D. The top of the drip-pipe (1 is provided with a triangular troughshaped funnel that fits under the perforated part of the dripping-shelf D. 5

The method of operating the kiln after being constructed substantially as described is as follows, viz: Steam is first raised in the boiler and the hydrocarbon-burners at a a andf are lighted and the kiln brought to the required :00

degree of heat. Then a load of the material to be burned is emptied into the top, when it will fall upon the first drop shelf b. After a suitable period this first shelf is dropped and the mass of material allowed to fall upon the second drop shelf b, when a second load is dumped upon the trap,from whence it falls to the first drop-shelf that has just previously been emptied. After another interval the second drop-grate b is allowed to fall, thus throwing the now thoroughly-heated mass upon the baffles and fines below, from whence the residuum finally drops down into the ashpit at the bottom of the shaft. After the second dropshelf is emptied the material on the first takes it place, and so on from time to time, as rapidly as the capacity of the furnace will permit. If the material to be destroyed contains much moisture, it is first emptied upon the drip trough or shelf D and allowed to drain off be fore it is emptied into the kiln. In order to more thoroughly and quickly bring the whole mass up to the required temperature when the material is resting upon the first drop-shelf b the steam from the boiler is turned on and allowed to penetrate the mass by escaping through the apertures in pipes d. The main body of the heat and fiame from the points a a passes first under thetriangular fiuea thence into one of the fiucs c in the wall of the shaft A, whence they divide and return under the opposite wings or baffies,a,into another flue, c, on the opposite side of the shaft, when they are again united and pass under the second triangular flue, a into the fine in the wall of the stack,where they again divide and pass under the side wings, a, from whence they pass into the main body of the shaft, coming directly in contact with the material lying upon the drop-shelves?) I), after passing which they are forced or drawn down the return-flue B,carrying along any gases or vapors that have not been consumed. In the chamber (3 the heat is increased by coming in contact with the flame from the burnerf, and the whole, if desired, used to raise steam in the boiler or allowed to escape up the chimney. By the arrangement of the drop-shelves and the various fines and baffles it will be readily seen that a very large direct heating-surface is produced and the whole heat from the shaft A is a second time utilized by passing it down the return-fine B, thus making the destruction of the material placed in the kiln a matter beyond question. As the mass of material is tumbled from one shelf to the other and falls upon the baffles and fines below, every portion is exposed to a direct action of the fire, while at the same time the arrangement of the baffies and fines makes it impossible for the shaft A to become choked up, as the flame can always pass undeneath the side wings and cen tral fines. The number of drop-shelf, baffles &c., may be increased or diminished, as desired, and the required heat may be produced by any kind of a fire that will be suitable for the purpose.

In the modified form of the shaft shown in Figs. 6 and 7, instead of having the dropshelves 1) b all in one piece, they are made in parts or sections extending from side to side of the shaft, and, if desired, filling up the whole space therein, the fines I) being made in the walls, so as to allow the heat and flame to pass under each row of shelves and up and over the material to be burned to the next row, and from thence out into the returnflue B.

Instead of the fines bin the wall of the shaft A, any suitable by-pass for the draft may be constructed. This method of arranging the shelves in tilting sections, each section turning on a separate axis, allows any desired portion of the material to be dropped from one shelf to the other without disturbing the whole mass.

As the passages under the baffles a a and fiuea are only partially closed, being open at the bottom, a portion of the heat and flame from the burners a a will pass directly upward in the shaft A, if unobstructed. Should the burning material, however, be forced down upon and packed closely over the baffles a a and fines a a, all of the direct heat and flame from the burners a a will be forced to pass under the baffies and fines in the manner hereinbefore described. By forcing the heat to pass down the return-flue B the temperature in all parts of the shaft A is more nearly equalized and the heat in the return-flue B is very materially increased by its proximity to the main shaft. Consequently, when any escaping gases from the burning material reach the chamber 0 and come in contact with the flame from the burner f a complete and thorough combustion must necessarily follow.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim,and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1 In a furnace for burning or calcining any material, the shaft A, having suitable inlet and draft connections, in combination with the drop shelf or shelves 1;, and one or more of the triangular fiues a and a, the latter being closed to form a retort at the bottom of the shaft, substantially as described.

2. In a furnace or kiln, the shaft A, having suitable inlet and draft connections,in combination with the drop shelf or shelves 6, baffles or side wings, a, and central connecting-fines, ta and a, the latter being closed all round to form a retort in the bottom of the shaft, sub-- stantially as shown.

3. In a furnace and kiln, the shaft A, having inlet and draft connections, in combination with the drop shelf or shelves b, baffles or side wings, a, and central flue, a having base a forming a retort in the bottom of the shaft, substantially as shown.

4. In a furnace or kiln, the shaft A, having a suitable inlet and provided with drop shelf or shelves 1), and side wings or baffies, a and a, and triangular fine a and closed retortfiue a, in combination with the return-flue B, substantially as shown.

rco

IIS

described.

7. In a furnace or kiln, the combination of the shaft A, provided with drop shelf or shelves Z), and having suitable draftconnections with the pivoted drip-shelf D, substantially at shown.

8. In a furnace or kiln, the combination of the shaft A, independent tilting drip-shelf D, and trap a, substantially as shown.

9. In a furnace or kiln, the combination of the shaft A, one or more of the dues a" and a, connected with one or more of the baffles a, trap a, return-flue B, chamber 0, and steam-boiler F, all arranged substantially as shown and described.

10. In a furnace or kiln, the combination of the shaft A, having a suitable inlet and draft connections, with the burner or burners a and the flue a, resting upon the base a substantially as shown.

11. In a furnace or kiln, the shaft A, having a suitable inlet and draft connections, in combination with flue or flues a, connected by means of the wall-passage c or other draftconnection with the baffle or baflles a, substantially as shown.

12. In a furnace or kiln, the shaft A, hav' ing a suitable inlet and draft connections, in combination with one or more of the tilting grates b, said grates being made in separate sections and turning upon an independent axis, substantially as shown.

13. In a furnace or kiln, the shaft A, having a suitable inlet and draft connections, in combination with the sectional tilting shelves 1) and flues or passages b, substantially as de scribed.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN HOSKIN. JOSEPH K. CALDWELL. HENRY D. HUGHES. Witnesses:

OTIS EGAN, THOMAS D. MowLDs. 

